Review: Extraction of platinum group metals from catalytic converters

Platinum group metals (PGM) are widely used in catalytic industry due to their outstanding physical and chemical properties (high-temperature stability, high catalyst activity, heat resistance, corrosion resistances). They medical fields, electronics, oil refining, production of ammonia, fuel cells, automotive industry. Catalytic wastes an important secondary source because recycling is more economical ecological way obtaining compared mining from ores. Spent a rich platinum [PGM: (Pt), palladium (Pd), rhodium (Rh)] which contains higher concentrations PGM than found natural This review presents the analysis recovery methods spent catalysts advantages disadvantages. As result, all were analyzed most promising (most environmentally friendly economical) was pointed out.